Jurnal Farmasindo: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat

PENGARUH METODE EKSTRAKSI TERHADAP KADAR FLAVONOID TOTAL DAN KADAR FENOLIK DARI BUNGA TELANG (Clitoria ternatea L.) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI

Ratih Guswinda Lestari — 2025-12-31

Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) is a leguminous plant known for its pharmacological benefits. The selection of an appropriate extraction method is crucial, as it determines the amount of secondary metabolites that can be effectively extracted. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different extraction methods on the total flavonoid and phenolic content of butterfly pea flower extract (EBT). Five extraction methods were used: maceration, percolation, digestion, reflux, and Soxhlet extraction, using 96% ethanol as the solvent. Extract evaluations included tests for drying loss, ash content, ethanol-soluble extract content, and heavy metal contamination. Phytochemical screening revealed that extracts from all methods contained similar secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, and essential oils. The highest total flavonoid content was found in the extract obtained by the reflux method (109.13 mg QE/g extract), while the highest phenolic content was observed in the extract obtained by the digestion method (13.87 mg GAE/g extract).

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS BIAYA PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK LEVOFLOXACIN DAN AMPICILLIN SULBACTAM PADA PASIEN PNEUMONIA KOMUNITAS RAWAT INAP DI RSUD DR. MOEWARDI SURAKARTA

Dyah Ayu Sudarsih — 2025-12-31

Antibiotics were commonly used for the treatment of pneumonia. Given the wide range of available antibiotic options, an analysis was necessary to determine the most effective antibiotic in terms of both therapeutic outcomes and cost. This study aimed to determine the most cost-effective antibiotic between levofloxacin and ampicillin sulbactam in the treatment of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, during the period from January to December 2024. This observational study was designed descriptively with retrospective data collection. A total of 90 patients were selected using purposive sampling; these patients were inpatients aged ≥ 18 years with community-acquired pneumonia and complete medical records and therapy cost data. The study employed Cost Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) to assess the effectiveness and calculate the Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ACER). The results showed equal usage of antibiotics: levofloxacin (50%) and ampicillin sulbactam (50%). Ampicillin sulbactam demonstrated higher therapeutic effectiveness (31.11%) compared to levofloxacin (22.22%). The ACER of ampicillin sulbactam was lower, at IDR 244,985, while levofloxacin’s ACER was higher, at IDR 370,680. It was concluded that ampicillin sulbactam was more cost-effective.

FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN FACE TONER KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MINT (Mentha piperita L.) DAN BUNGA TELANG (Clitoria ternatea L.) METODE DPPH

Azza Hasna Afiyah — 2025-12-31

Mint leaves contain antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenes, vitamin C, provitamin A, mineral phosphorus, and iron. The telang flower plant is an anthocyanin antioxidant which includes natural antioxidants that have greater strength than vitamin C. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of a combination face toner preparation from mint leaf extract (Mentha piperita L.) and telang flower extract (Clitoria ternatea L.) DPPH method.

The method used in this study was maceration extraction using 96% ethanol, preparation of the formulation by mixing mint leaf extract and butterfly pea flower extract, then adding Tween 80, glycerin, propylene glycol, nipagin, nipasol, and distilled water, stirring using a mortar and adding distilled water until reaching 100 ml. Following this, physical quality tests and physical quality data analysis were conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test (SPSS) and antioxidant activity testing of the formulation using the DPPH method with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.

The overall physical quality test results showed good physical quality and met the physical quality test standards. The antioxidant test results for F1, F2, and F3 showed moderate antioxidant activity. The formula with good antioxidant activity was formula one with a concentration of (3:0.2), yielding a result of 115.55 ppm.

FORMULATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY TEST OF SERUM COMBINATION OF MINT LEAVES ATTENTIVE OIL (Mentha piperita L.) AND SPRING FLOWER ATTENTIVE OIL (Clitoria ternatea L.) DPPH METHODS

Aulia Prastika Maharni — 2025-12-31

Mint (Mentha piperita L.) contains key compounds such as menthol and menthone, which have strong
antioxidant activity. Butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea) contain phenolic compounds,
flavonoids, anthocyanins, and flavonol glycosides as antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the
physical quality of serum preparations and the antioxidant activity of a serum combination of mint
leaf essential oil (Mentha piperita L.) and butterfly pea flower essential oil (Clitoria ternatea L.) using
the DPPH method. The results of the physical testing of the serum preparations showed that serum
formulas F0, F1, F2, and F3 met good physical quality test standards. The antioxidant activity test
results for the serum preparation combination of mint leaf essential oil and butterfly pea flower
essential oil were as follows: Formula 0 (567.256 ppm), Formula 1 (141.007 ppm), Formula 2 (69.506
ppm), and Formula 3 (133.769 ppm).

GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PENGGOLONGAN OBAT DAN JAMU PADA IBU-IBU PKK DI KABUPATEN KLATEN

dwi subarti — 2026-01-05

Medicine is an essential need for the community, especially when experiencing illness. However, it is not uncommon for people to be reluctant to see a doctor when they are sick and instead prefer to buy medicine directly from a kiosk or pharmacy. According to the Guidelines of the National Drug Laboratory of Indonesia, medicines to be circulated in Indonesia must undergo evaluation regarding their efficacy, safety, and quality in accordance with applicable regulations. Medicines are classified into four main categories: over-the-counter drugs, limited over-the-counter drugs, prescription drugs, and narcotics. Information about this classification is important for the public to ensure proper and safe use of medicines.

This study is observational and descriptive using a cross-sectional approach. The study involved community service activities conducted in Klaten Regency through lectures, simulations, and demonstrations accompanied by questionnaires.

The results showed that the majority of respondents, who are PKK mothers in Klaten Regency, have a high school education background, totaling 13 respondents or 43%, while those with junior high school education are the smallest group with 3 respondents or 8%. Regarding occupation, the largest group is housewives, with 18 respondents or 60%, while professions such as midwives, civil servants, and general practitioners make up 23% of the respondents. The pre-test knowledge level showed that 10 respondents (33%) were in the good category, while 20 respondents (67%) were in the very good category.

PENGARUH SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK KULIT KAYU MATOA (Pometia pinnata) TERHADAP LUKA MEMAR PADA PAHA TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus)

Mahmud Sulthon Khoiruzaman — 2025-12-31

Matoa is a plant endemic to Papua, has antioxidant properties in its bark, which has the potential to treat bruises, a health problem that requires convenient product innovation. Thus, this study aims to test the effectiveness of matoa bark extract gel (Pometia pinnata) on bruises in white mice. This study is a quantitative experimental study. The gel was tested at extract concentrations of 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5%. Wound measurements were carried out using calipers, and observation notes were analyzed using two types of statistical tests: two types of paired and independent sample T-tests. The results showed that matoa bark extract contains saponins and flavonoids as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, terpenoids that function as collagen stimulants. All treatment groups showed a significant healing effect. Gel concentrations of 3% and 4.5% gave significant results, although the 3% gel did not provide an effect equivalent to the positive control. The 1.5% gel had the same effect as the negative control. In conclusion, matoa bark extract gel with concentrations of 3% and 4.5% had a significant effect on healing bruises, although the 3% concentration of matoa bark extract gel did not provide an effect equivalent to the positive control.

EVALUASI PENYIMPANAN OBAT DI PUSKESMAS SAWIT BOYOLALI

Riyan setiyanto — 2025-12-31

Drug stock storage serves to maintain the quality of drug preparations, guarantee drug availability, and facilitate the search and monitoring of stock supplies. Drug storage is an important factor in drug management at the health center, because with proper drug storage it will be easier and more effective to collect drugs and health services can be carried out properly. This study aims to determine the results of the evaluation of drug storage in the pharmaceutical installation of the Sawit Health Center, Boyolali. The method used in this study is descriptive observation. Observations were carried out using a checklist sheet containing drug storage indicators, both in the pharmaceutical installation and in the pharmacy warehouse. Observations were carried out using a checklist sheet to compare the actual drug storage conditions with the established indicators. Based on the results of the study that has been conducted at the Sawit Health Center, it can be concluded that the level of suitability of drug storage at the Sawit Health Center in the warehouse section is 80.95%, which is included in the very good category, and the suitability of drug storage at the Sawit Health Center in the pharmacy section is 100%, which is included in the very good category. The average percentage of drug storage at the Sawit Health Center pharmacy installation is 90.47%, which is included in the very good category.

KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN TANAMAN HERBAL DI KALIMANTAN UNTUK MENDUKUNG PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU MENYUSUI

Shahiroh Haulaini — 2025-12-31

Indonesia's tropical climate nurtures a rich biodiversity, including various herbal plants that can enhance maternal and infant health. A significant focus of the government is addressing the low rate of exclusive breastfeeding, which contributes to stunting in children. This study explores herbal plants in Kalimantan that serve as galactagogues, promoting breast milk production in nursing mothers. Research was conducted using academic databases like Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, resulting in five comprehensive scientific articles. The literature review highlights several plants known to increase breast milk production, such as Moringa oleifera (moringa), Curcuma domestica (turmeric), Stenochlaena palustris (kelakai), and a blend of soy milk and dates. Additionally, plants like Chenopodium sp. (village spinach), Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato), and Ocimum basilicum (basil) have shown promising results. Many of these plants are easy to cultivate in home gardens, offering natural solutions to support exclusive breastfeeding initiatives in Indonesia. Utilizing local Kalimantan herbal plants presents an effective alternative for enhancing maternal and infant health and holds potential for further application in the medical field.

FORMULASI, EVALUASI, DAN OPTIMASI MASKER GEL PEEL-OFF MINYAK PEPPERMINT DENGAN VARIASI HPMC K4M DAN CARBOPOL 940 MENGGUNAKAN DESAIN FAKTORIAL

Alinda Tania — 2025-12-31

Facial skin requires protection from environmental pollutants and ultraviolet exposure that can cause premature aging, acne, and dryness. Peel-off gel masks are practical cosmetic preparations that moisturize, revitalize, and can be easily removed after use. Peppermint oil (Mentha piperita L.) has cooling, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, making it beneficial for oily and acne-prone skin. This study aimed to formulate and optimize a peppermint oil peel-off gel mask using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) K4M and Carbopol 940 as gelling agents and to evaluate its physical properties. A factorial design was applied with four combinations of HPMC K4M (2–4%) and Carbopol 940 (0.5–1%). Physical evaluations included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, adhesion, drying time, and viscosity. Data were analyzed using Stat-Ease 360 software version 22 to determine the optimum formula. Increasing gelling agent concentrations decreased pH but increased viscosity, adhesion, and drying time. The optimum predicted formula was obtained at 2.75% HPMC K4M and 0.9793% Carbopol 940, showing desirable physical characteristics. The peppermint oil peel-off gel mask formulated with HPMC K4M and Carbopol 940 met the physical quality requirements. Factorial design optimization proved effective in determining the ideal formulation composition for optimal mask performance.

UJI STABILITAS FISIK DAN PENETAPAN KADAR FENOLIK SEDIAAN KRIM EKSTRAK ETANOL HERBA BANDOTAN (Ageratum conyzoides L.)

Disa Andriani — 2025-12-31

Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) is a wild plant that grows quickly and thrives in various types of soil. Bandotan contains various metabolite compounds, one of which is phenolic compounds. This study aims to obtain a stable cream preparation by varying the concentration of stearic acid and triethanolamine (TEA) to obtain an optimal formulation. The cream was formulated with varying concentrations of stearic acid of 18%, 19%, and 20%, and TEA of 3%, 2.5%, and 2%. Stability evaluation was carried out using the cycling test method which includes organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, adhesiveness, spreadability and viscosity. The results showed that the ethanol extract of bandotan herb containing phenolic compounds with all variations of stearic acid and TEA concentrations met the test requirements and did not show differences in organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, adhesiveness, spreadability and viscosity. Statistical test results indicate that the cream preparation is physically stable, as there was no significant difference between the cream preparation before and after the cycling test, but there was a significant decrease in phenolic content.

PERAN ZINK TERHADAP PENYAKIT GASTROENTERITI AKUT PADA ANAK DI DUNIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE SYSTEMIC LIRATURE

Michelle Maria Wijayanty — 2025-12-31

Acute gastroenteritis (GAE) is a significant global health problem, with children being the majority of cases, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Gastroenteritis is characterized by watery or almost watery diarrhea, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. In Indonesia, cases of AE in young children are increasing, partly due to a lack of awareness about hygiene. The pathophysiology of AE includes damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa due to infection by bacteria, viruses, or parasites, which causes increased fluid secretion and decreased absorption, leading to diarrhea. Several studies have found that zinc administration can shorten the healing time. This study aims to evaluate the role of zinc in the management of acute AE in children through a systematic literature review (SRB). The research method included a search for journal articles from 2015 to 2025 using the keyword "Acute Gastroenteritis in Children." A review of seven journals showed that zinc supplementation, at the recommended dose of 20 mg per day for children aged 6 months to 5 years, significantly reduced the duration and frequency of diarrhea, improved stool consistency, and increased intestinal resistance. Low zinc levels have been shown to be associated with diarrhea severity. Zinc contributes to the epithelialization of affected intestinal mucosa and could be a therapy to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use in cases of AE.

DETEKSI DAN KUANTIFIKASI LOGAM TEMBAGA (Cu) DALAM IKAN PATIN (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) SUNGAI MUSI PALEMBANG MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM

indah indah — 2025-12-31

Copper (Cu) is a toxic heavy metal that can accumulate in aquatic organisms, including edible fish. The Patin fish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) is an effective bioindicator for assessing heavy metal contamination in the Musi River, Palembang. This study determined Cu concentrations in Patin fish collected from three locations: Kuto Batu, 10 Ulu, and 5 Ulu, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Cu levels were 0.60819 mg/kg (Kuto Batu), 1.08638 mg/kg (10 Ulu), and 1.01736 mg/kg (5 Ulu), all within the maximum limits for food safety. However, these results highlight the potential for Cu exposure in the Musi River ecosystem, which may pose cumulative risks to food safety and public health if concentrations increase over time.

EFEKTIVITAS EDUKASI GIZI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU IBU BALITA TENTANG PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DI DESA PANDAK, KABUPATEN SRAGEN

Wahyu Ratri Sukmaningsih — 2025-12-31

Stunting is still a health priority in Indonesia and has an impact on children's physical growth, cognitive development, and long-term health. Although the national prevalence shows a downward trend, the achievement of the 2020-2024 RPJMN target has not been optimal so more effective nutritional intervention is needed, especially at the family level. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of nutrition education in improving the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of toddler mothers related to stunting prevention in Pandak Village, Sragen Regency. The study used a quasi-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest on 30 purposively selected toddler mothers. Instruments include questionnaires of knowledge (15 item), attitudes (10 item), and practices (10 item) for which validity and reliability have been tested. Educational interventions are conducted through lectures, discussions, and demonstrations. Analysis of the data using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed a significant improvement in all variables after the intervention: the average knowledge score of 60 ± 8,5 to 85 ± 7,.2 (p = 0,000), the average attitude score of 65,2 ± 9,1 to 82,3 ± 6,8 (p = 0,001), the average practice score of 62,4 ± 10 to 84,7 ± 8,1 (p = 0,000). The pre-test and post-test took place on the same day. The measurement of practice in this study is self-reported. The proportion of categories both in knowledge, attitude, and practice increases meaningfully. This study concluded that nutrition education is effective in improving stunting prevention behavior in toddler mothers and is recommended to be implemented continuously in posyandu activities.

GAMBARAN PAPARAN IKLAN OBAT SWAMEDIKASI DAN HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP PERILAKU SWAMEDIKASI SAKIT KEPALA

Fathul Muin — 2025-12-31

In order to take care of minor health issues without going to a doctor, self-medication is typical practice in the community. One of the most common health issues that people self-medicate with OTC medications is headache. There is a possibility that people's views and choices about medicine usage are impacted by the extensive exposure to drug advertisements in digital and electronic media. This study aims to examine the community’s experience with headache medication advertisements and analyze the relationship between knowledge level and self-medication behavior in Sleman Regency, Indonesia. The study used a cross-sectional design and a convenience sample of 159 people to administer an online questionnaire and gather data. To assess the correlation between the variables, descriptive statistics and a chi-square test were used. It was found that 68.6% of those who took the survey knew a lot about how to treat headaches on their own. There were significant correlations (p<0.05) between the amount of knowledge and the conduct of self-medication. The community had a high level of understanding and used proper self-medication practices. People with excellent information continued to exhibit logical behaviors while being exposed to medication commercials, which influenced their decision-making.

FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI FISIK SEDIAAN MASKER GEL PEEL OFF EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG KUNYIT PUTIH (Curcuma Zedoaria) VARIASI KONSENTRASI PVA

Vania Santika Putri — 2025-12-31

White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) is a plant that contains secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids and saponins which are known to have antioxidant activity. Therefore, white turmeric extract has the potential to be used as an active substance in the manufacture of a peel-off gel mask preparation that is practical to use. The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate the physical characteristics of a peel-off gel mask preparation made from Curcuma zedoaria extract with varying concentrations of PVA as a film-forming agent. The extract was obtained through the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent with a ratio of simplicia and solvent of 1:10. The variations in PVA concentration used were FI (10%), FII (12%), and FIII (14%). The physical results of the preparation showed that the peel-off gel mask preparation was light brown in color, had no aroma, had a gel texture, and showed physical properties that met the requirements with a pH value of FI = 6.28 ± 0.98; FII = 6.19 ± 0.28; FIII=5.76±0.32, spreadability FI=5.30±2.297 cm; FII=5.25±0.005 cm; FIII=5.24±0.065 cm, drying time in the range of 16.53-18.77 minutes and the adhesive power of the three formulas showed a time of more than 1 second. The results of statistical analysis showed that variations in PVA concentration had a significant effect on viscosity, but did not have a significant effect on pH, spreadability, drying time, and adhesive power.

FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN LOTION HIDROSOL RIMPANG JAHE EMPRIT (Zingiber officinale var Amarum)

Vania Santika Putri — 2025-12-31

The hydrosol of Zingiber officinale var. Amarum (jahe emprit rhizome) contains active compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, and alkaloids, which have the potential to protect the skin against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This study aims to formulate and evaluate the physical properties of lotion preparations based on jahe emprit rhizome hydrosol in three concentration variations: 30%, 40%, and 50%. The evaluation includes organoleptic tests, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, pH, and viscosity. The results of organoleptic and homogeneity tests from all three formulas indicate that the homogeneous preparations have similar color, odor, and form. All lotion preparations met the required standards, with pH values ranging from 7.36±1.42 to 7.75±1.18, and viscosities ranging from 9,947.6±2.25 to 27,035.4±1537.51 cPs. The best spreadability was observed in formula FIII (50%) at 6.07 cm, while the adhesion of all formulas was only 1 second. Statistical tests (Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA) showed no significant effect of hydrosol concentration variations on the physical properties of the lotion. Thus, FIII is practically the best formula as it provides optimal spreadability, with its pH and viscosity being consistent with the required standards.

FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI FISIK SEDIAAN MASKER GEL PEEL OFF DARI HIDROSOL HERBA TIMI (Thymus vulgaris L.) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI PVA

Iin Suhesti — 2025-12-31

Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) is a plant from the Lamiaceae family that contains various active compounds such as saponins, quinones, terpenoids, tannins, and flavonoids. This plant is known to have benefits as a pain reliever, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, liver protector, antidote, anti-inflammatory, and cough suppressant. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the formulation and physical evaluation of the peel-off gel mask preparation from thyme herb hydrosol (Thymus vulgaris L.) with varying concentrations of PVA as a filming agent and its effect on physical evaluations such as organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, viscosity tests, pH tests, spreadability tests, adhesiveness tests, and drying time tests. The hydrosol used was obtained by distillation. The variations in PVA concentrations used were 10%; 12.5%; and 15%. The results of the study were that it had a cloudy white color, a distinctive odor with a semi-solid, and homogeneous texture. The viscosity values obtained for F1, F2 and F3 were 4335.5 ± 4875.29 cPs; 9749.6 ± 3588.77 cPs; and 7698.07 ± 3818.59 with pH 6.74 ± 0.091; 6.75 ± 0.067; and 6.81 ± 0.035, spreadability 6.21 ± 0.73 cm; 5.57 ± 1.40 and 5.68 ± 0.65, adhesiveness 1.44 ± 0.234 seconds; 10.09 ± 9.754 seconds; and 33.29 ± 14.949 seconds, and drying time 10.165 ± 0.021 minutes; 7.28 ± 0.186 minutes and 5.87 ± 0.693 minutes. Based on the results of the hedonic test using Two Way ANOVA, it was concluded that F2 (PVA 12,5%) was most preferred in terms of color with a value of 3.33; aroma with a value of 3.6 and texture with a value of 2.95.

UJI SUN PROTECTION FACTOR (SPF) DAN AKTIVITAS PEREDAMAN RADIKAL BEBAS PADA EKSTRAK TEMU PUTIH (Curcuma zedoaria)

Aptika Oktaviana Dewi — 2025-12-31

White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria. Rosc) is a medicinal plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and is part of the Curcuma genus. The rhizome of white temu contains more than 10 sesquiterpenes, such as curcumin, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, β-turmerone, and others. The extract of temu lawak contains flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and alkaloids. White temu has potential as an antioxidant and sunscreen, but it is still seldom optimally utilized. This study aims to evaluate the Sun Protector Factor (SPF) value and the ability of white turmeric extract (Curcuma zedoaria. Rosc) to scavenge free radicals. The extraction was performed by maceration using 70% ethanol as a solvent at a ratio of 1:10. Phytochemical screening results indicate the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, and phytosterols in the extract. The SPF test was conducted in vitro using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer through the Mansur method, obtaining an SPF value of 16.17 at a concentration of 500 ppm and 30.98 at a concentration of 1000 ppm, which falls into the ultra protection category. The antioxidant activity test was conducted using the DPPH method at a maximum wavelength of 515 nm, with the highest percentage inhibition reaching 80% at a concentration of 500 ppm. The obtained IC₅₀ value is 93.43 ppm. These results indicate that white temu extract has potential for development as an active ingredient in natural sunscreen and also as an antioxidant.

UJI SUN PROTECTION FACTOR (SPF) DAN AKTIVITAS PEREDAMAN RADIKAL BEBAS PADA HIDROSOL KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum verum)

Aptika Oktaviana Dewi — 2026-01-05

Cinnamon hidrosol (Cinnamomum verum) is a byproduct of the distillation process that has potential as an antioxidant and sunscreen, but is still rarely utilized. This study aims to determine the phytochemical content, sunscreen activity (SPF), and antioxidant activity of cinnamon hidrosol. Hidrosol was obtained by distillation for 4 hours with a ratio of material and solvent 1:3.5. Phytochemical tests were carried out qualitatively, SPF activity testing was carried out using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method, and antioxidant activity testing used the DPPH method. The results showed that hidrosol from the distillation flask contained alkaloids, saponins, and phenolics, while from the distillate flask contained flavonoids, alkaloids, and phytosterols. The SPF test results showed the highest value in the distillation flask hidrosol of 39.78 which is included in the ultra protection category. The results of the antioxidant activity test showed an increasing % inhibition with increasing concentration, with an IC₅₀ value of the distillation flask hidrosol of 310.77 µg/mL (very weak category). In conclusion, cinnamon hidrosol has potential as a natural sunscreen ingredient, despite its relatively weak antioxidant activity. Therefore, it can be used as an additive in cosmetic products.

ANALISIS KESESUAIAN MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN LOGISTIK OBAT DI INSTALASI FARMASI RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM PURWOKERTO TAHUN 2024

Siti Asadu Sofiah M.Farm — 2025-12-31

Drug management is an important element in pharmacy management that includes selection, planning, procurement, receipt, storage, distribution, disposal, control, recording, and reporting. This research aimed to analyze the suitability of drug logistics management in the pharmacy installation of Rumah Sakit Islam Hospital Purwokerto according to Permenkes Number 72 of 2016. A descriptive qualitative with data collection through interviews, checklists, and observations from informants such as the head of IFRS, coordinators, and TTK was used as a method in this research. The results showed that in terms of input, human resources reached 100%, while facilities and infrastructure were 75%. Several aspects need evaluation, such as logistics management training and additional storage space. The selection, planning, and distribution processes all reached 100%. However, procurement was only 80% due to the use of manual systems and e-catalogs that have not been fully implemented. Drug receipt reached 50% and storage 73.6%, where inadequate storage space caused accumulation. From those findings, there needs to be an improvement in the temperature recording system and labeling of high-alert drugs and LASA. In overall output, drug logistics management at Rumah Sakit Islam Hospital Purwokerto has met the criteria of good with 100% conformity, indicating effectiveness in drug management.

FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SEDIAAN KRIM EKSTRAK ETANOL BUNGA PEPAYA JANTAN (Carica Papaya L.)

Purwaningsih Purwaningsih — 2025-12-31

Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are known to cause skin infections. One plant suspected of inhibiting or killing this bacteria is the male papaya flower. Papaya flowers contain active compounds including flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and tannins. These secondary metabolites can act as antibacterial agents. This research aimed to test the physical properties and antibacterial properties of an ethanol extract cream made from male papaya flowers and to determine the effect of the concentration of the extract on its ability to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.

The extract was prepared using a soaking/maceration method using 96% ethanol as an organic solvent. Evaluation of the cream's physical properties included organoleptic tests, cream homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and protection. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method. The extract was formulated into a cream at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%.

The results of the physical properties test showed that the ethanol extract cream made from male papaya flowers met the standards. Based on antibacterial tests, papaya flower ethanol extract cream was able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria. The minimum inhibition activity was 1.4 mm at a 5% concentration, and the highest inhibition was 13.9 mm at a 25% concentration