ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS BIAYA PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK LEVOFLOXACIN DAN AMPICILLIN SULBACTAM PADA PASIEN PNEUMONIA KOMUNITAS RAWAT INAP DI RSUD DR. MOEWARDI SURAKARTA

Abstract

Antibiotics were commonly used for the treatment of pneumonia. Given the wide range of available antibiotic options, an analysis was necessary to determine the most effective antibiotic in terms of both therapeutic outcomes and cost. This study aimed to determine the most cost-effective antibiotic between levofloxacin and ampicillin sulbactam in the treatment of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, during the period from January to December 2024. This observational study was designed descriptively with retrospective data collection. A total of 90 patients were selected using purposive sampling; these patients were inpatients aged ≥ 18 years with community-acquired pneumonia and complete medical records and therapy cost data. The study employed Cost Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) to assess the effectiveness and calculate the Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ACER). The results showed equal usage of antibiotics: levofloxacin (50%) and ampicillin sulbactam (50%). Ampicillin sulbactam demonstrated higher therapeutic effectiveness (31.11%) compared to levofloxacin (22.22%). The ACER of ampicillin sulbactam was lower, at IDR 244,985, while levofloxacin’s ACER was higher, at IDR 370,680. It was concluded that ampicillin sulbactam was more cost-effective.